sulfocarbonic anhydride
Carbon disulfide
CAS: 75-15-0
Molecular Formula: CS2
sulfocarbonic anhydride - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Carbon disulfide |
| Synonyms | weeviltox Carbon sulfide Carbon sulphide carbonbisulphide Carbon disulfide Carbon bisulfide Alcohol of sulfur Carbon bisulphide Carbon bisulfuret Carbon sulfide (CS2) carbonbisulfide,refined sulfocarbonic anhydride Dithiocarbonic Anhydride tetrathiodicarbonic acid |
| CAS | 75-15-0 |
| EINECS | 200-843-6 |
| InChI | InChI:1S/CS2/c2-1-3 |
| InChIKey | QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
sulfocarbonic anhydride - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | CS2 |
| Molar Mass | 76.14 |
| Density | 1.266 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | -112--111 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 46 °C (lit.) |
| Flash Point | −29°F |
| Water Solubility | 2.9 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | Soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, oil, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. |
| Vapor Presure | 5.83 psi ( 20 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 2.67 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Specific Gravity | 1.26 |
| Color | ≤10(APHA) |
| Odor | Cabbage-like odor detectable at 0.016 to 0.42 ppm (mean = 0.2 ppm) |
| Exposure Limit | NIOSH REL: TWA 1 ppm, STEL 10 ppm, IDLH 500 ppm; OSHAPEL: TWA 20 ppm, C 30 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 ppm. |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['λ: 386 nm Amax: ≤1.0', , 'λ: 388 nm Amax: 0.50', , 'λ: 394 nm Amax: 0.25', , 'λ: 40 |
| Merck | 14,1811 |
| BRN | 1098293 |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Extremely flammable. Highly volatile. Note low flash point and very wide explosion limits. Protect from heat, friction, shock, sunlight. Reacts violently with fluorine, azide solutions, zinc d |
| Explosive Limit | 1-60%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.627(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Characteristics of colorless or yellowish transparent liquid, pure ether flavor. boiling point 46.3 ℃ freezing point -110.3 ℃ relative density 1.261 refractive index 1.461 flash point -30 ℃ solubility slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol and ether. |
| Use | Mainly used in the manufacture of mucus, cellophane, insecticide and rubber accelerator Used as solvents, preservatives, pesticides and chromatographic analysis reagents, but also for the production of carbon tetrachloride |
sulfocarbonic anhydride - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R11 - Highly Flammable R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R48/23 - R62 - Possible risk of impaired fertility R63 - Possible risk of harm to the unborn child R39/23/24/25 - R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R48/20 - R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R19 - May form explosive peroxides |
| Safety Description | S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S7 - Keep container tightly closed. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | UN 1131 3/PG 1 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | FF6650000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2813 10 00 |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | I |
| Toxicity | LC50 inhal (rat) 25,000 mg/m3 (2 h) STEL (OSHA) 12 ppm (36 mg/m3)-skin PEL (OSHA) 4 ppm (12 mg/m3) TLV-TWA (ACGIH) 10 ppm (31 mg/m3)-skin |
sulfocarbonic anhydride - Upstream Downstream Industry
sulfocarbonic anhydride - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
pure product is slightly sweet. Boiling point 46.3 degrees C, freezing point 111 degrees C. Density: Gas (Air = 1)2. 64, liquid (water = 1 at 4 °c) l-2628(20 °c). Soluble in caustic and sulfide alkali, almost insoluble in water. The combustion limit in air is 25% to 40% by volume. Solubility in water 0.22g/lOOmL(22 °c). Spontaneous combustion at about 100 ℃. Fumigation vapor is produced by evaporation of liquid, and in most cases is mixed with other non-combustible materials for practical use. Spontaneous combustion vapor pressure at different temperatures: O ℃ (under 32) 16. 97kPa, IO ℃(50F)26. 4lkPa, 20 °c (68-F) 39. 66kPa, 30aC(86 lower) 57. 78kPa. Can be mixed with anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, grease in any proportion. Can dissolve iodine, bromine, sulfur, fat, wax, resin, rubber, camphor, yellow phosphorus. Extremely flammable, contact with heat, Mars, flame or oxidant prone to combustion explosion. Toxic sulfide smoke is produced by thermal decomposition. With aluminum, zinc, potassium, fluorine, chlorine, azide and other reactions, there is a risk of combustion and explosion. High-speed impact, friction can be caused by electrostatic spark discharge combustion explosion.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
sulfocarbonic anhydride - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
after sulfur vapor was heated with natural gas, the mixture was sufficiently mixed and heated to 650 ° C. For reaction in the reactor. Carbon disulfide was prepared by separating carbon disulfide from hydrogen sulfide by pressure separation and distillation.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:07:04
sulfocarbonic anhydride - Use
Open Data Verified Data
carbon disulfide is widely used in metallurgy, pesticide, rubber, viscose fiber and other industrial fields. It has a good penetration, fumigation of food is generally used with non-burning ingredients made into a mixture. Fumigation of dried seeds with carbon disulfide did not reduce seed vigor. For grains such as wheat, barley, corn, rice, etc., 250g/m3 fumigation 24H, germination is not affected. Gaseous carbon disulfide can seriously lose or kill the growing plants or seedlings. Water-diluted carbon disulfide emulsion can effectively control a variety of underground pests by treating the soil around the roots of evergreen and deciduous seedlings. Due to the combustion and explosion characteristics of carbon disulfide, the use of this agent in modern fumigation is becoming less and less.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:07:05
sulfocarbonic anhydride - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
rat oral LDso:3188mg/kg. Because of its low boiling point, strong volatility and high toxicity, it is easy to be distributed in the air during production and use, causing serious pollution and harm to the environment and human body. Carbon disulfide is a toxic agent that damages nerves and blood vessels. People in the high concentration of carbon disulfide conditions, with paralysis. If the duration is long, it can be caused by the paralysis of the respiratory center to lose consciousness and die. At high concentrations, human skin can also absorb. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. Storage temperature should not exceed 30 ℃. Keep the container sealed. Should be stored separately from the oxidant, amines, alkali metals, edible chemicals, avoid mixed storage.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:07:05
sulfocarbonic anhydride - Reference Information
| relative polarity | 0.065 |
| olfactory Threshold | 0.21ppm |
| freezing point | -110.3 ℃ |
| Henry's Law Constant | 24.25 (atm?m3/mol) at 24 °C (Elliott, 1989) |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Overview | carbon disulfide is an extensive enzyme inhibitor with cytotoxic effects that disrupt the normal metabolism of cells, interference with lipoprotein metabolism caused by vascular disease, neuropathy and the main body organ damage. under normal temperature and pressure, carbon disulfide is a colorless, transparent, microstrip and aromatic fat-soluble liquid, which is yellow when there are impurities, and a small amount of carbon disulfide is naturally present in coal tar and crude oil, high purity products have a pleasant sweet taste and ether-like smell, the general reagent has the smell of corrupt eggs, with a strong volatile, flammable and explosive. Combustion is accompanied by a blue flame and is decomposed into carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. carbon disulfide is mainly used for the production of synthetic viscose fiber (artificial cotton, artificial wool) and viscose film, also used for the production of carbon tetrachloride, carbon tetrachloride (prepared by the reaction of carbon disulfide and chlorine), ammonium dithiocarbamate (bactericide, from the reaction of carbon disulfide and ammonia), xanthate, flotation agent, solvent and rubber vulcanizing agent. Carbon disulfide is also a good solvent for sulfur, phosphorus, selenium, bromine, iodine, camphor, resin, wax, rubber and grease, it is also a solvent for infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of many organic compounds. can be mostly from the respiratory tract into the body, can also be absorbed through the skin. Intake of 1/4 of the respiratory discharge, a small amount of urine discharge, the rest of the metabolic transformation. The metabolites in the urine are sulfates and the presence of a substance positive for the iodoazido group reaction, which is used as a biological indicator of carbon disulfide exposure. The lowest lethal dose for human inhalation is 4000ppm (30 minutes). Acute poisoning, the initial excitement, Head Pain, and then loss of consciousness, lethargy and death. Low concentrations of long-term exposure, lower extremity multiple neuritis, accompanied by Head Pain, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, loss of libido and memory loss, when out of contact to recover. Long-term exposure (e. G., 10 years) results in vascular damage characterized by retinopathy and renal disorders. The maximum allowable concentration of the atmosphere is 10ppm (30mg/m3) in the United States and Japan. |
| fumigant | carbon disulfide is an inorganic fumigant commonly used in the control of warehouse pests in China, which is spontaneous combustion at 125~135 ℃, when the air contains 1.25% ~ 45%(1.68~25g/m3), the spark from any switch, iron collision, sole iron nail and cement ground impact can cause explosion, no corrosion of metals, fumigation does not affect the quality and germination rate of grain and seeds. Carbon disulfide can kill many insects and fungi, in the production of edible fungi, commonly used as a mushroom house fumigant, control nematodes, mites and some miscellaneous bacteria. Dosage: empty mushroom room 80~140/cubic meter, cultivation room 40~60 ml/cubic meter, it is best to use CCl4, to prevent fire. carbon disulfide may also be used as a fumigant for grains, seeds, fruits, flowers, tubers, tubers, etc. The insecticidal mechanism is that the poison gas can dissolve the fat in the worm, precipitate the protein, and chemically react with the protoplasm in the nerve cell to play an insecticidal role. At higher temperatures, can inhibit the activity of a variety of enzymes, so that the respiratory rate decreased, causing Coma paralysis, and finally died. precautions for use (1) the water content of more than 17% of the grain, seeds can not be used for fumigation. (2) it is preferable to use at a temperature above 20 °c. (3) note that the gas is highly flammable and explosive. (4) In the whole process of fumigation, such as drug administration, sealing and scattered poison, fire must be prevented. In the process of fumigation, around 30 meters within the prohibition of fire close (such as smoking, burning objects, etc.). (5) toxic to humans and all animals, when the air containing carbon disulfide 1000 ~ 3850ppm, absorption of 30~60 minutes can cause human death. |
| coking chemical | carbon disulfide can also be extracted from the initial fraction of coking light benzene, the content varies with the operation conditions of crude benzene recovery and light benzene preliminary distillation, and the fluctuation range is 8 ~ 35%. The initial fraction also contains more cyclopentadiene, benzene and a small amount of saturated hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, acetone, acetonitrile and other unsaturated compounds. Carbon disulfide and cyclopentadiene boiling point difference is only 3.8 deg C, by distillation method is difficult to extract from the initial fraction of high purity carbon disulfide products. Therefore, the method of extracting carbon disulfide for industrial use from the initial fraction is to remove hydrogen sulfide in the initial fraction by alkali neutralization, if the content of acetone and acetonitrile in the initial fraction is large, it needs to be washed with water to remove it; The initial fraction after such pretreatment is loaded into the distillation kettle, and the pressure thermal polymerization is carried out under the total reflux operation condition, cyclopentadiene in the initial fraction was polymerized to dicyclopentadiene having a boiling point of 170 °c. other unsaturated compounds are also polymerized at the same time, and the composition of the materials in the kettle is no longer changed, that is, after the completion of all polymerization reactions, start according to the temperature at the top of the distillation column and the density of the distillate at the top of the column, cut the middle distillate and carbon disulfide product. The middle distillate is cooled by the condensing cooler and sent to the raw material storage tank for re-processing. When the content of carbon disulfide in the initial fraction as raw material is low, and the product requires a higher content of carbon disulfide, the initial fraction can be pre-rectified, and the fraction enriched in carbon disulfide can be distilled, after washing with water, it was charged into a distillation kettle for polymerization and rectification. In the production of carbon disulfide products into the unsaturated compound convergence synthesis of flocculent resin, affect the quality of products. In order to inhibit the formation of flocculent resin, a small amount of xylenol diluted with benzene can be added to the product, or the product can be washed with concentrated sulfuric acid to remove unsaturated compounds, and then neutralized and rectified by alkali, Thus, a product having a flocculent resin content of less than 0.02mg/mL was obtained. In the production process, when carrying out rectification operation, the liquid in the kettle and the space vapor in the kettle should be prevented from overheating, so as to avoid the decomposition of the polymerized dicyclopentadiene. |
| pollution source | Rayon, cellophane, carbon tetrachloride, rubber (cold vulcanization), chemical (solvent), mineral Processing (flotation agent), optical glass (detergent) and other industries can have carbon disulfide vapor and waste water emissions pollution environment. After the barns are fumigated with carbon disulfide vapor, the vapor evolution may contaminate the atmosphere at the opening of the bin. A small amount of carbon disulfide can be found in coal tar and crude oil, and can also form environmental pollution sources. Different pollution sources have different effects on the environment of residential areas, and similar pollution sources also have different effects due to differences in production scale, equipment perfection, operation and management, etc. If carbon disulfide is emitted from an artificial fiber factory to pollute the atmosphere, the maximum primary concentration on the downwind side from the factory is 1.20mg/m3 at 150m and 3.64mg/m3 at 250m; the maximum daily mean concentration was 0.105mg/m3 at 600m and decreased to 0.023mg/m3 at 3000m. Artificial fiber factory wastewater emissions, a ton of product is about 230, the workshop wastewater containing carbon disulfide concentration is different, the average amount of about 200mg/L. |
| purification and water removal of carbon disulfide | carbon disulfide is a toxic compound, which can poison blood and nerve tissues. Is highly volatile and flammable, therefore, should be used to avoid contact with its vapor. For the experiment that the purity of carbon disulfide is not required to be high, a small amount of anhydrous calcium chloride is added into carbon disulfide to dry for several hours, and the sample is heated, distilled and collected at 55 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ in a water bath. If it is necessary to prepare a relatively pure carbon disulfide, a 0.5% aqueous solution of potassium permanganate is added to the reagent grade carbon disulfide and washed three times. Hydrogen sulfide was removed and the sulfur was removed by continuous shaking with mercury. Finally, it was washed with a 2.5% mercury sulfate solution to remove all the hydrogen sulfide (washed until no malodor was present), dried over calcium chloride and collected by distillation. |
| toxicity | anesthesia at high concentration. Through the respiratory tract and skin against the human body function, highly toxic to organisms. On the human body poisoning mechanism, the main cause of central nervous system diseases caused by poisoning. The handling of the poisoning agent should be removed from the scene as soon as possible and moved to a well-ventilated place. Those with weak breathing should immediately undergo artificial respiration. |
| purpose | is mainly used as a raw material for manufacturing viscose fiber and cellophane. Xanthate produced from carbon disulfide is used as a flotation agent for ores in the metallurgical industry. For the production of agricultural pesticides. Rubber industry, can be used as a solvent for sulfur chloride. It is used to produce corrosion inhibitors for equipment and pipelines in ammonia treatment systems. It is also a solvent for testing primary amines, secondary amines and α-amino acids, refractive index measurement, and chromatographic analysis. It is also used to extract oil from flaxseed, olive fruit, bones, leather and wool. Used as an accelerator for aviation. carbon disulfide is an intermediate of bactericide meilabill, clindan, mancozeb, senozide, sendonium, fumarum, formidam, fumezinc, formezin arsine, etc. It is also the raw material of synthetic fiber and rubber vulcanization accelerator. carbon disulfide is the raw material for the production of rayon, cellulite, carbon tetrachloride, pesticide, fungicide, rubber additives; In the production of oil, wax, resin, rubber and sulfur and other products, carbon disulfide is an excellent solvent; It can be used as wool grease remover, clothing stain remover, metal flotation agent, paint and varnish release agent, aviation kerosene additive, etc. At present, the production of carbon disulfide in the world has exceeded 1.8 million t. used as solvent, preservative, insecticide and chromatographic analysis reagent, also used in the production of carbon tetrachloride mainly used in the manufacture of mucus, cellophane, insecticide and rubber accelerator used as solvent, preservatives, pesticides and Chromatographic Reagents, also used in the production of carbon tetrachloride |
| production methods | carbon disulfide production methods are more, but there are only two methods of industrialization. The charcoal method is derived from the interaction of charcoal and sulfur. This method is divided into external heating method (iron base method) and internal heating method (electric heating method). After reacting the molten sulfur with charcoal, the product is obtained by condensation and distillation. 2. Natural gas method using methane and sulfur as raw materials. The reaction temperature of methane and sulfur is 500-700 ℃, and silica gel is used as catalyst. The single-pass conversion rate of methane is 90%, and the side reaction is few. The generated hydrogen sulfide is converted into sulfur by Claus method and recycled. The reaction temperature of this method is lower than that of the iron base method, and the continuous production is possible. The preparation methods include a charcoal method and a natural gas method. The charcoal method is derived from the action of charcoal and sulfur, and has an external heating method (iron bottle method) and an internal heating method (electric heating method). After the reaction of the molten sulfur with charcoal, it is obtained by cooling and rectification. C +2S → CS2 natural gas method uses methane and sulfur as raw materials, the reaction temperature is 500~700 ℃, and the catalyst is silicic acid. The single-pass conversion rate of methane can reach 90%, and the produced hydrogen sulfide is converted into sulfur cycle by the Claus method. CH4 + 4S = CS2 + 2H2S2H2S +3O2=2SO2+2H2OSO2 + 2H2S = 3S + 2H2O methane-sulfur method solid sulfur is heated and melted to form a liquid, and then purified with activated clay. Natural gas purification treatment is the use of light diesel oil adsorption more than G fraction, Pure methane gas was isolated. After the natural gas and sulfur vapor are heated, they can be thoroughly mixed and heated to 650 ° C., and then sent to the reactor for reaction. Carbon disulfide was prepared by separating carbon disulfide from hydrogen sulfide by pressure separation and distillation. According to different heating methods, the CH4 +2S2 → Cs2 + 2It2S charcoal sulfur method can be divided into two types: the external heating iron method and the internal heating electric furnace method. Three-phase electric furnace method is generally used. Electric furnace method will be directly calcined charcoal at 800 ℃ to remove moisture and organic matter, intermittent into the electric furnace, molten sulfur continuously added to the electric furnace and red burning charcoal at about 1000 ℃ for reaction, the generated carbon disulfide is obtained by sulfur removal and condensation to obtain a crude product, which is then subjected to rectification and condensation to obtain a carbon disulfide product. C +2S → CS2 |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 3188 mg/kg; Inhalation-rat LC50: 25000 mg/m3/2 h |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | in case of fire, high temperature, oxidant flammable; hyperthermic decomposition of toxic sulfur oxides |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Stored separately from oxidants and acids |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, carbon dioxide, foam, water |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 30 mg/m3; Tel 45 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 90°C |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-and health-threatening concentration | 500 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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View History
Raw Materials for sulfocarbonic anhydride
Downstream Products for sulfocarbonic anhydride
calcium dithiocyanate
Potassium thiocyanate
Carbon tetrachloride
Methanethiol,sodium salt
Dithiocarbonicaciddiethylester
5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole
Potassium thiocyanate
Carbon tetrachloride
Methanethiol,sodium salt
Dithiocarbonicaciddiethylester
5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole